This leads to interesting characteristics such as taming harsh sounds and producing a 'vintage tone' that can be found on many recordings from the 1950s and 1960s. These were invented in the 1920s and produce a signal based on the velocity of the air that hits the ribbon, rather than the displacement of air as in Dynamic Mics. Many of these types of mics can be bought in versions which use cables and as part of a wireless mic system. The most famous examples in this category are the Shure SM58 which is used on everything from vocals to instruments, and the Shure SM57 which is usually used on instruments and their amplifiers. They're not as sensitive as most other mics both in terms of frequency response and dynamic range (volume differences), but their ability to withstand very high SPLs (Sound Pressure Levels) means you can use them on anything from a kick drum through to vocals. These are the work-horse mics of rock and they can take just about any kind of punishment you can dish out. For more information see our guide to the best condenser mics under $100. One of the best known examples is the Neumann U87 however the modern variants of it cost over $3,000 so you are much more likely to find an MXL 990 or Rode NT1A in a home studio. Although most often used for recording vocals, they can also be employed to capture acoustic instruments such as guitar. They typically respond to higher frequencies and can pick up more subtleties in dynamic range. Condenser mics are much more sensitive than Dynamic Mics and they require Phantom Power to operate.
If you intend to be record a lot of vocals then you'll want at least one condenser microphone - these are the mics most often used for recording vocals.
If you're using a tablet like the iPad which can't provide enough power for multiple mics then you'll also need to use a self-powered USB hub. Another good thing about them is that you don't have to worry about phantom power because they take their power directly from the USB connection. If you're going for a simple set-up where you will only be recording using a microphone or two, instead of recording from gear such as hardware synths or plugging in guitars, then you can get started with USB mics because then you won't need an audio interface. Below is an overview of this topic, for a more in-depth look, which covers additional microphone characteristics including polar patters and diaphragm sizes, see: The Different Types Of Microphones and Their Uses.
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